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Which model of entrepreneurship teaching should East Africa adopt?

Universities  must  step  up  to  the plate  in  promoting  entrepreneur-ship  to  help  diffuse  the  “ticking time  bomb”  that  is  youth  unemployment  in  East  Africa,  estimated at  between  40  and  60  per  cent. The  challenge  is  which  model  of entrenching  entrepreneurship  the region  should  adopt.Professor  Peter  Rosa,  Makerere University  Business  School  visiting don,  recently  delivered  a  public  lecture  on  this  subject  at  the  Mount Kenya  University  (MKU)  main  campus  in  Thika.
In  a  presentation  titled,  New Directions  for  Entrepreneurship  Development  and  Education  in  East  Africa, Prof  Rosa  explored  the  region’s unemployment  challenge  and  analysed  possible  solutions  to  it.
Focusing  on  the  Kenyan  situation with  some  reference  to  Uganda,  he argued  that  the  region’s  universities had  much  to  do  to  tackle  the unemployment  challenge.
He  noted  that  while  Kenya  had witnessed  a  rapid  expansion  of universities  (now  numbering  more than  70),  the  large  number  of graduates  who  ended  up  jobless was  a  matter  of  grave  concern. The  visiting  professor  interpreted  this  to  mean  that  as  much as  youths  were  generally  positive towards  entrepreneurship,  given  a choice,  many  would  rather  have a  “good,  secure  job  in  a  large organisation”.This,  he  said,  was  the  result  of the  system  of  university  education  in  East  Africa.
It  is  geared  to match  skills  with  careered  jobs,  not self-employment,  he  observed. He  said  for  instance,  that  business  schools  in  the  region  are  generally  geared  to  create  management professionals  and  CEOs,  not  entrepreneurs.
This  is  a  paradox,  the  professor noted,  in  the  sense  that  despite desiring  employment,  youths  tend to  look  up  to  prominent  entrepreneurial  millionaires  as  role  models.
Prof  Rosa  then  went  on  to  discuss  three  models  that  have  been employed  in  different  times  to promote  entrepreneurial  culture  in universities.
One  model,  adopted  in  the 1980s  to  the  1990s,  sought  to create  entrepreneurship  centres attached  to  business  schools.A  model  that  dominated  the late  1990s  sought  to  embed  entrepreneurship  into  core  university degrees.
The  third  model,  which  emerged in  the  2000s  and  is  still  in  use, promotes  entrepreneurship  and innovation  systems  that  help  to commercialise  university  science and  research  discoveries  and  inventions.
All  methods  have  advantages  and disadvantages,  but  Prof  Rosa’s  over-all  observation  is  that:  “The  most prosperous  countries  are  those  that produce  the  most  scientific  innovations  and  richest  self-made  billionaires,  and  have  ‘ecosystems’  and infrastructures  capable  of  commercialising  them.”

Prof  Rosa  is  also  a  George  David Emeritus  Professor  of  Entrepreneurship  and  Family  Business,  University  of  Edinburgh  Business  School.

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